3 Deploying Artificial Intelligence ^Top AI technology has transformed Alibaba from just a humble “open sesame” for small enterprises to one of the most successful companies that is investing further to innovate and rewire the world. In the United States, Apple rose to prominence with AI by targeting superior data security and unique user experiences.2 Its machine learning algorithms run on devices instead of in the cloud, thus both preserving user privacy and enhancing edge computing capabilities of the devices. Its pioneering speech recognition system, Siri, combines state-of-the-art natural language process- ing (NLP) with AI to decipher nuanced conversation. Its tremendous success prompted several IT giants like Amazon (Alexa) and Google (Duplex) to follow suit. Google is another of the few companies that has the technology work for it in a versatile fashion. Its search engine displays mastery over NLP. It is designed such that every typed word is linked to the words that it is commonly used with rather than just its meaning independently, and over time the machine Douglas Heaven, “The world’s most prolific writer is a Chinese algorithm,” BBC Future – In Depth: Artificial Intelli- gence, August 29, 2018, https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20180829-the-worlds-most-prolific-writer-is-a- chinese-algorithm. Bernard Marr, “The Amazing Ways Chinese Tech Giant Alibaba Uses Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learn- ing,” Forbes: Enterprise Tech, July 23, 2018, https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2018/07/23/the-amaz- ing-ways-chinese-tech-giant-alibaba-uses-artificial-intelligence-and-machine-learning/. Will Knight, “Inside the Chinese lab that plans to rewire the world with AI,” MIT Technology Review, March 7, 2018, https://www.technologyreview.com/2018/03/07/144875/inside-the-chinese-lab-that-plans-to-rewire-the- world-with-ai/. Jack Ma, “The China Boom Project,” interview by Orville Schell, Asia Society, March 12, 2009, transcript and mp4, https://doi.org/doi:10.7282/T3GQ6WKB. 2 Apple, Developer documentation – Framework: Core ML Overview, https://developer.apple.com/documentation/ coreml. Mohanbir Sawhney, “Why Apple And Microsoft Are Moving AI To The Edge,” Forbes, January 27, 2020, https:// www.forbes.com/sites/mohanbirsawhney/2020/01/27/why-apple-and-microsoft-are-moving-ai-to-the-edge/. Leo Sun, “Apple is Quietly Expanding its Artificial Intelligence Ecosystem,” The Motley Fool, January 23, 2020, https://www.fool.com/investing/2020/01/23/apple-is-quietly-expanding-its-artificial-intellig.aspx. Alan Boyle, Taylor Soper, and Todd Bishop, “Apple acquires Xnor.ai, edge AI spin-out from Paul Allen’s AI2, for price in $200M range,” GeekWire, January 15, 2020, https://www.geekwire.com/2020/exclusive-apple-acquires- xnor-ai-edge-ai-spin-paul-allens-ai2-price-200m-range/. Jordan Novet, “Apple’s A.I. strategy stands apart from the rest of big tech, for better or worse,” CNBC, June 13, 2018, Enterprise, https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/13/apples-ai-strategy-devices-not-cloud.html.