19 Deploying Artificial Intelligence ^Top well-reputed firms such as Google and Apple magnified racial bias in the data fed to them.44 Human bias is inherent in data sets, and firms should emphasize not having their machines learn this. When experimenting, firms should evaluate, to their best possible ability, the risks for the solution to go in unanticipated directions. A further step to interpreting the solutions that ML churns out is understanding why the algorithm is giving these solutions. An AI-powered stock investment platform, K1, lost one investor ~$20 million daily, and the Artificial Intelli- gence Equity ETF (AIEQ) generated more losses than the S&P 500 index and sold some of the market’s highest-winning stocks. Reason? They took stock positions based on the stocks themselves without assessing the value of the underlying businesses.45 AI cannot necessarily take a long-term perspective and surely cannot replace the nuanced decision-making that involves human intuition and qualitative judgment factors. withdrew the bot immediately and relaunched a redesigned version, four years later, after building a more socially acceptable version that can defend itself from trolls. 44 Jackie Snow, “Google Photos Still Has a Problem with Gorillas,” MIT Technology Review, January 11, 2018, https://www.technologyreview.com/2018/01/11/146257/google-photos-still-has-a-problem-with-gorillas/. Google’s search image recognition system mislabeled an African American woman as a gorilla. Corinne Reid, “Artificial Intelligence Will Do What We Ask. That’s a Problem,” Quanta Magazine: Artificial Intelli- gence, January 30, 2020, https://www.quantamagazine.org/artificial-intelligence-will-do-what-we-ask-thats-a- problem-20200130/. YouTube’s algorithm recommended disturbing and conspiratorial content. Jeffrey Dastin, “Amazon scraps secret AI recruiting tool that showed bias against women,” Reuters, October 10, 2018, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-amazon-com-jobs-automation-insight/amazon-scraps-secret-ai-re- cruiting-tool-that-showed-bias-against-women-idUSKCN1MK08G. Amazon’s AI-based recruiting engine recom- mended hiring predominantly white males. Sridhar Natarajan and Shahien Nasiripour, “Viral Tweet About Apple Card Leads to Goldman Sachs Probe,” Bloomberg: Business, November 9, 2019, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-11-09/viral-tweet- about-apple-card-leads-to-probe-into-goldman-sachs. Apple algorithms were revealed to have gender disparity when determining creditworthiness. 45 Thomas Beardsworth and Nishant Kumar, “Who to Sue When a Robot Loses Your Fortune,” Blomberg: Future Finance, May 5, 2019, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-06/who-to-sue-when-a-robot-loses- your-fortune. Keith Speights, “An AI-Powered ETF Failed Miserably at Beating the Market in 2018 -- Here’s What You Can Learn From Its Mistakes,” The Motley Fool, January 6, 2019, https://www.fool.com/investing/2019/01/06/an-ai-pow- ered-etf-failed-miserably-at-beating-the.aspx.