35 Training the Workforce Formalized education is critical to supporting user adoption once the tools are rolling out. Software development and digital literacy are areas in which the DOD has traditionally struggled, so any execution will need to involve a significant internal effort to socialize, train, update, and support DOD personnel on using Gen-AI tools over the long run. To address this, enterprises should anticipate how change management will impact current operations and then design training programs to balance successful long-term adoption with short-term performance needs. To address the short-term impacts on performance and productivity, organizations will need to account for increased inefficiencies in daily operations as users familiarize themselves and learn how and when to shift tasks to the tools. Budgeting for inefficiency and communicating the impact across management levels is important in order to anticipate and mitigate these temporary shocks. Recurring retooling workshops are also critical, as they offer standardized knowledge in tool application. They not only mitigate short-term operational disruptions but also ensure safe and appropriate usage of the tools. These workshops should be curated for individual teams and focus on role-specific use-cases, such as how to effectively develop prompts, fine-tune models for more focused outputs, and understand the tools’ limitations and error risks. Groups adopting Gen-AI tools in the DOD need ways to acclimate their teams to Gen-AI tools beyond standard workshops. For example, establishing a Gen-AI ‘sandbox’ that allows military and civilian personnel to practice using AI tools on unclassified and non-sensitive data can help build familiarity in a lower-stakes environment. Sandbox environments can also support new use-case discoveries, expand the jagged frontier,44 and ensure the tools are leveraged across a broader range of applications over time. Generative AI Adoption in the US Military